The verb 'to be' is one of the most important verbs in English. It changes its form depending on the subject and tense.
الفعل 'to be' هو واحد من أهم الأفعال في اللغة الإنجليزية. يتغير شكله حسب الفاعل والزمن.
In English, we always use 'to be' in present tense:
في الإنجليزية، نستخدم دائماً 'to be' في الزمن الحاضر:
| Pronoun | English | Arabic |
|---|---|---|
| I | I am | أنا (طالب) |
| You | You are | أنتَ (طالب) |
| He/She/It | He/She/It is | هو/هي (طالب) |
| We | We are | نحن (طلاب) |
| They | They are | هم (طلاب) |
في العربية، عادة نحذف الفعل 'يكون' في الزمن الحاضر
| Pronoun | English | Arabic |
|---|---|---|
| I | I was | كنتُ |
| You | You were | كنتَ |
| He/She/It | He/She/It was | كان/كانت |
| We | We were | كنّا |
| They | They were | كانوا |
| Pronoun | English | Arabic |
|---|---|---|
| I | I will be | سأكون |
| You | You will be | ستكون |
| He/She/It | He/She/It will be | سيكون/ستكون |
| We | We will be | سنكون |
| They | They will be | سيكونون |
Personal pronouns replace nouns to refer to people or things. They change form based on their role in the sentence.
الضمائر الشخصية تحل محل الأسماء للإشارة إلى الأشخاص أو الأشياء. تتغير حسب دورها في الجملة.
| English | Arabic | Example |
|---|---|---|
| I | أنا | I am reading. / أنا أقرأ. |
| You | أنتَ/أنتِ | You are smart. / أنت ذكي. |
| He | هو | He is tall. / هو طويل. |
| She | هي | She is kind. / هي لطيفة. |
| We | نحن | We are friends. / نحن أصدقاء. |
| They | هم/هن | They are students. / هم طلاب. |
| English | Arabic | Example |
|---|---|---|
| me | ي/ني | Call me tomorrow. / اتصل بي غداً. |
| you | ك | I see you. / أراك. |
| him | ه | Give him the book. / أعطه الكتاب. |
| her | ها | Tell her the news. / أخبرها الخبر. |
| us | نا | Help us please. / ساعدنا من فضلك. |
| them | هم | I saw them yesterday. / رأيتهم أمس. |
| English | Arabic | Example |
|---|---|---|
| my | ي | This is my book. / هذا كتابي. |
| your | ك | Where is your pen? / أين قلمك؟ |
| his | ه | His car is red. / سيارته حمراء. |
| her | ها | Her house is big. / بيتها كبير. |
| our | نا | Our teacher is nice. / معلمنا لطيف. |
| their | هم | Their dog is cute. / كلبهم لطيف. |
| English | Arabic | Example |
|---|---|---|
| mine | لي | The book is mine. / الكتاب لي. |
| yours | لك | This pen is yours. / هذا القلم لك. |
| his | له | The car is his. / السيارة له. |
| hers | لها | The bag is hers. / الحقيبة لها. |
| ours | لنا | The house is ours. / البيت لنا. |
| theirs | لهم | This car is theirs. / هذه السيارة لهم. |